Gichtschübe

Gichtschübe, also known as gout attacks, are sudden episodes of intense joint pain, swelling, redness, and warmth. They are caused by a buildup of uric acid in the body, which can form sharp, needle-like crystals in the joints. These crystals trigger an inflammatory response, leading to the characteristic symptoms of a gout attack.

The most common joint affected is the big toe, but gout can also occur in other joints like the ankles, knees, elbows, wrists, and fingers. Gichtschübe can be debilitating and can last for several days or even weeks if left untreated. They often occur without warning, although certain triggers can increase the likelihood of an attack.

Triggers for gout attacks include consuming purine-rich foods such as red meat, organ meats, and certain seafood. Alcohol, especially beer, and sugary drinks are also known triggers. Dehydration, certain medications, and underlying health conditions like kidney disease or high blood pressure can also contribute to gout attacks.

Diagnosis of gout typically involves a physical examination, a review of medical history, and laboratory tests to measure uric acid levels in the blood. Sometimes, joint fluid is analyzed to confirm the presence of uric acid crystals.

Treatment for Gichtschübe focuses on relieving pain and inflammation during an attack and preventing future attacks. Medications like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine, and corticosteroids are used to manage acute symptoms. Long-term management may involve lifestyle changes, such as dietary modifications and weight loss, and medications to lower uric acid levels, such as allopurinol or febuxostat. Preventing dehydration by drinking plenty of fluids is also important.