Geotextíliák

Geotextiles are permeable fabrics used in civil engineering and construction projects. They are designed to interact with soil and aggregate materials, providing functions such as separation, filtration, reinforcement, drainage, and protection. Geotextiles are typically made from synthetic polymers like polypropylene or polyester, and they can be woven or non-woven.

Woven geotextiles are manufactured by interlacing yarns in a regular pattern, resulting in high tensile strength and low elongation, making them suitable for reinforcement applications. Non-woven geotextiles are produced by bonding fibers together using mechanical, thermal, or chemical methods. This creates a more flexible and conformable fabric, ideal for filtration and drainage.

The primary functions of geotextiles are crucial for the longevity and stability of infrastructure. Separation prevents the intermixing of different soil layers, for example, between a subgrade and a base course in a road. Filtration allows water to pass through while retaining soil particles, preventing clogging in drainage systems. Reinforcement increases the load-bearing capacity of soil, commonly used in retaining walls or embankments. Drainage facilitates the movement of water through the soil mass, reducing hydrostatic pressure. Protection shields geomembranes or other materials from puncture or abrasion. Geotextiles are widely used in road construction, railways, landfill liners, coastal protection, and erosion control.