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Geoelektrik

Geoelektrik, often referred to in English as geoelectric studies, is a field of geophysics and engineering that investigates the electrical properties of the subsurface to characterize rock, fluid content, and structure. By measuring how rocks and soils conduct or resist electric currents, researchers can infer properties such as porosity, mineralogy, salinity in groundwater, and the presence of fluids or hydrocarbons.

The main methods include electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) with 2D or 3D arrays, vertical electrical sounding,

Geoelektrik has wide applications: mapping aquifers and hydrological properties, delineating contamination plumes, exploring mineral deposits and

The approach is non-invasive and cost-efficient relative to some other geophysical methods, and it is particularly

The field emerged in the early 20th century as electrical methods were applied to geological problems, and

and
magnetotellurics.
Induced
polarization
enhances
detection
of
metallic
minerals,
while
self-potential
measurements
can
reveal
groundwater
flow
and
hydrogeological
processes.
Data
are
inverted
to
produce
spatial
models
of
conductivity
or
resistivity,
which
must
be
interpreted
in
light
of
geology
and
borehole
information.
geothermal
reservoirs,
supporting
civil
engineering
projects
and
environmental
assessments,
and
contributing
to
archaeological
surveys
where
buried
features
affect
conductivity
contrasts.
sensitive
to
fluids
and
lithology.
Its
limitations
include
non-uniqueness
of
inversion
results,
resolution
that
decreases
with
depth,
sensitivity
to
soil
moisture,
temperature,
and
noise,
and
the
need
for
careful
calibration
and
integration
with
other
data
sets.
it
has
since
evolved
with
advances
in
instrumentation,
data
processing,
and
modeling.
Today
geoelektrik
is
used
by
researchers,
environmental
agencies,
and
industry
practitioners
worldwide
to
better
understand
subsurface
conditions.
See
also
geophysics,
electrical
resistivity,
magnetotellurics.