Genotypische

Genotypische is a German term used in genetics and related fields to denote anything relating to the genotype, the genetic constitution of an individual organism or cell. It is used to describe traits, markers, or analyses that derive from the underlying DNA sequence rather than from observable characteristics.

In biology, the genotype refers to the specific alleles present at genetic loci, whereas the phenotype is the set of observable traits resulting from genotype and environment. Genotypische Merkmale are therefore those attributes that are determined at the DNA level, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, gene copy number, or haplotypes. Many genotypische characteristics contribute to complex traits through polygenic effects and gene–environment interactions.

Methods to assess genotypische information include genotyping assays, SNP arrays, whole-genome sequencing, or targeted sequencing. Data interpretation requires bioinformatics tools and reference databases to infer risk, ancestry, or trait associations.

Applications include personalized medicine, pharmacogenomics to predict drug response, risk stratification for hereditary diseases, plant and animal breeding, forensic genetics, and population genetics research. Ethical considerations and privacy concerns accompany the collection and storage of genotypische data.

The term is widely used in German-language scientific literature and is often paired with terms like genotypisch, genomisch, or phänotypisch to contrast DNA-based information with observable traits.