Gardons

Gardons is a common name used in France and other French-speaking regions for freshwater fish in the carp family, most notably the common rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus). The term can also refer to closely related species within the genus Scardinius, collectively known by local anglers as gardons. In English-language references the species is typically called the rudd.

Description

Gardons are medium-sized cyprinids with a laterally compressed body. They usually measure about 15 to 25 cm, but can occasionally reach 30 to 40 cm in favorable conditions. They have a silvery appearance with a somewhat yellowish back, a relatively small mouth, and a single dorsal fin. Males often develop nuptial tubercles during the breeding season.

Distribution and habitat

The species is native to Europe and parts of western Asia. Gardons inhabit a range of freshwater environments, including rivers, backwaters, lakes, and ponds, particularly those with aquatic vegetation or margins that provide cover. They tolerate moderate levels of nutrients and can be found in both clear and slightly turbid waters.

Biology and ecology

Gardons are omnivorous, feeding on aquatic plants, seeds, algae, and small invertebrates. They tend to form schools outside the breeding season and may split into smaller groups during other times of the year. Spawning occurs in spring to early summer, often on submerged vegetation or debris, with adhesive eggs and no parental care.

Conservation and human use

While gardons are widespread and commonly encountered, local populations can decline due to habitat loss, pollution, and water management practices. They remain a popular target for freshwater anglers in many regions and are sometimes used as forage or bait fish in certain areas.

See also

Rudd, Carp, Cyprinidae.