Gangaur

Gangaur is a Hindu festival observed mainly by women in Rajasthan and in parts of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, with smaller celebrations in other regions. It centers on Gauri, a form of the goddess Parvati, and her consort, Shiva. The name combines Gauri and Gaur (husband), reflecting the festival’s focus on married women praying for conjugal happiness and long life for their husbands, though girls may participate in some areas as well.

Rituals vary by locality but commonly include fasting from dawn to dusk, rising early for prayers, and performing puja at home shrines or temples dedicated to Gauri and Shiva. Women often make clay idols of Gauri, sometimes accompanied by a small representation of Shiva, and adorn these images with flowers, vermilion, and jewelry. In many communities, processions are organized where the idols are carried on decorated palanquins or on heads, accompanied by singing, dancing, and the display of traditional rangoli. Families exchange greetings and gifts as part of the celebrations.

The festival is also associated with fairs, markets, and regional crafts, contributing to local culture and economy. In Rajasthan, Gangaur tends to be celebrated with extended observances that can last about 18 days, though exact timings vary by region. The culmination of the festival often involves processions and the immersion or farewell of the idols in rivers or other water bodies.

Gangaur is regarded as a social and religious expression of female devotion, marital values, and regional artistry, with diverse regional practices and timings.