Galvanotechnika

Galvanotechnika, also known as electroplating, is a process of electrochemically depositing a thin layer of metal onto another object. This is typically achieved by immersing the object, serving as the cathode, and a piece of the plating metal, serving as the anode, into an electrolyte solution. When an electric current is passed through the solution, metal ions from the anode are attracted to and deposit onto the cathode.

The primary purposes of galvanotechnika are to improve the appearance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, or conductivity of the substrate material. For example, chrome plating is often used for decorative finishes and to increase hardness, while zinc plating is commonly applied to steel to prevent rust. Gold and silver plating are used for both aesthetic appeal and electrical conductivity.

The process requires careful control of several parameters, including the composition of the electrolyte, temperature, current density, and immersion time, to ensure a uniform and adherent coating. Different types of electroplating baths exist, each tailored to specific metals and desired coating properties. Applications of galvanotechnika are widespread, ranging from automotive parts and electronics to jewelry and industrial machinery. It is a crucial technology in manufacturing, providing functional and decorative enhancements to a vast array of products.