GPR32

GPR32, also known as DRV1 (D-series resolvin receptor 1), is a human G protein-coupled receptor encoded by the GPR32 gene. It is widely described as a receptor for resolvin D1, a specialized pro-resolving mediator derived from docosahexaenoic acid, and is implicated in the regulation of inflammatory resolution. The receptor belongs to the seven-transmembrane domain GPCR superfamily and signals through heterotrimeric G proteins to modulate intracellular second messengers and cellular behavior in immune cells.

Expression and ligands: In humans, GPR32 is expressed in various leukocyte populations, including neutrophils and monocytes, as well as other tissues. Its best-characterized ligand is resolvin D1, with binding linked to anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving responses such as reduced neutrophil chemotaxis, enhanced macrophage phagocytosis, and decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Some studies have reported additional interactions with other resolvins, although the ligand profile is less well defined.

Species considerations: The existence of a functional GPR32 ortholog in rodents is uncertain; most mouse and rat genomes lack a clear GPR32 gene, which limits in vivo work in common laboratory models and has led researchers to rely on human cells or other model systems.

Physiological and clinical context: GPR32 is considered part of the network of receptors that promote resolution of inflammation. Interest in GPR32 centers on its potential as a therapeutic target for inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, but as of now no GPR32-targeted drugs have been approved.