Förångningsdeposition

Förångningsdeposition, also known as evaporation deposition, is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique used to produce thin films. In this process, a material is heated in a vacuum or controlled atmosphere until it evaporates or sublimes. The vapor then travels through the vacuum and condenses onto a cooler substrate, forming a thin solid film.

The source material can be a solid or a liquid. Heating can be achieved through various methods, including resistive heating, electron beam heating, or induction heating. The choice of heating method depends on the properties of the source material, such as its melting point and vapor pressure. The substrate is typically kept at a controlled temperature to influence the film's structure and properties.

Förångningsdeposition is a versatile technique employed in numerous applications. It is widely used in the semiconductor industry for depositing insulating, conductive, and semiconducting layers. In optics, it is used to create anti-reflective coatings, mirrors, and filters. The decorative and protective coatings on various consumer products, such as watches, jewelry, and automotive parts, are also often applied using this method. The controlled nature of the evaporation and condensation processes allows for precise control over film thickness and composition.