Frekvensreguleringen

Frekvensreguleringen, often translated as frequency regulation, is a critical aspect of maintaining the stability and reliability of electrical power grids. It refers to the process of balancing the generation of electricity with its consumption in real-time. In an AC (alternating current) power system, the frequency of the electricity, typically 50 Hz or 60 Hz depending on the region, is directly proportional to the balance between the mechanical power input to generators and the electrical power output.

When demand for electricity increases, generators must produce more power to match it. If generation falls behind demand, the frequency of the grid will drop. Conversely, if generation exceeds demand, the frequency will rise. Both significant drops and rises in frequency can lead to instability, equipment damage, and widespread power outages.

Frekvensreguleringen is achieved through a combination of automatic and manual control systems. Automatic generation control (AGC) systems continuously monitor grid frequency and automatically adjust the output of generating units to counteract deviations. This process occurs very rapidly, often within seconds. In addition to AGC, there are slower, more deliberate adjustments made by grid operators to manage longer-term imbalances. These adjustments can involve dispatching additional generation, curtailing load, or drawing from or supplying energy storage systems. The goal is always to keep the grid frequency within a narrow, acceptable operating range, ensuring a steady and dependable supply of electricity.