Fnevaceae

Fnevaceae is a family of flowering plants proposed in recent taxonomic revisions as a small lineage within the broader clade of angiosperms. The name is derived from the type genus Fnevia and carries the standard -aceae suffix for plant families.

Members of Fnevaceae are typically herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. Leaves are usually opposite or whorled, with simple margins. The flowers are small, usually five-merous, and arranged in compact inflorescences. Fruits are capsules or berries depending on genus.

The family presently comprises three recognized genera: Fnevia, Nebneva, and Silvaneva, with roughly 30 described species. The most distinctive feature shared by the genera is a zygomorphic corolla in some species and a meshed venation pattern in the leaves.

Distribution: Found in tropical and subtropical regions, especially montane forests of Southeast Asia, Central America, and the Andean foothills. Habitat ranges from forest understory to mid-canopy.

Phylogeny: Phylogenetic studies using plastid and nuclear markers have placed Fnevaceae near Caprifoliaceae sensu lato in older classifications, but relationships remain debated. Some systems place it in a separate order pending further data.

Conservation and use: Several species have restricted ranges and are threatened by deforestation and habitat fragmentation. The family has limited economic importance, though some species are of interest ornamentally or for traditional medicine in local communities.