Flatweaving

Flatweaving is a method of rug and textile creation characterized by its lack of a pile. Unlike knotted carpets, flatwoven textiles have a flat surface where the weft threads are fully visible and often interlace with the warp threads in a pattern. This construction results in a durable and relatively thin fabric. Common flatweave techniques include kilim, soumak, and plain weave.

Kilim weaving is perhaps the most widely recognized flatweave technique. It typically involves a slit-tapestry construction, where different colored wefts are used to create distinct patterns. The wefts are packed tightly together, creating a firm fabric. Soumak is another flatweave technique where the weft threads are wrapped around groups of warp threads, creating a textured, almost braided appearance. Plain weave, the simplest form of weaving, is also used for flatwoven textiles, resulting in a balanced weave where warp and weft threads interlace one over the other.

Flatwoven textiles are found across many cultures and have been used for a variety of purposes, including floor coverings, wall hangings, blankets, and bags. Their versatility, durability, and the intricate patterns that can be achieved make them a significant category within textile arts. The absence of a pile makes them easier to clean and maintain compared to knotted carpets, and they are often lighter in weight.