Fezf2

Fezf2 is a gene located on the X chromosome in humans, specifically at position Xq28. It encodes a protein called *Fez family zinc finger 2*, which belongs to the Fez family of transcription factors. These proteins are characterized by their zinc finger domains, which are involved in DNA binding and regulation of gene expression.

The Fez family of proteins is known to play roles in neuronal development and differentiation. Fezf2 is particularly important during the development of the central nervous system, where it influences the formation and function of neurons in regions such as the cortex and hippocampus. Studies suggest that Fezf2 is essential for the proper layering of cortical neurons and the maturation of excitatory neurons in the brain.

Mutations or dysfunction in Fezf2 have been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, including intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Research indicates that disruptions in Fezf2 may lead to impaired neuronal migration, synaptic connectivity, and overall brain architecture, contributing to cognitive and behavioral deficits observed in affected individuals.

Fezf2 is also expressed in other tissues beyond the nervous system, though its functions outside the brain are less well understood. Its expression has been noted in the immune system, where it may play a role in lymphocyte development, though further investigation is required to clarify its broader physiological roles.

Experimental studies, including those using mouse models, have provided insights into Fezf2’s mechanisms. Knockdown or knockout of Fezf2 in animal models results in observable defects in brain structure and function, reinforcing its critical role in neural development. These findings highlight the gene’s potential as a target for therapeutic research in neurodevelopmental disorders.