Fenstergewände

Fenstergewände are the structural and architectural surround of a window opening built into a wall. They comprise the elements that frame the opening, typically including vertical jambs, the horizontal head above the opening, and often the window sill along the bottom. In many cases the terms Fensterlaibung (the window reveal) and Fenstergewände are used to describe the built surround as it appears on the interior or exterior of the wall. The Fensterrahmen, by contrast, refers to the actual window frame and sash installed within the opening.

Functions and purpose: Fenstergewände provide structural support by distributing loads from the wall above the opening to the sides of the opening. They contribute to weather resistance and define the size and proportion of the window within the façade. The surrounding masonry or material can also influence thermal performance and water drainage, especially where a sill or drip edge is formed.

Materials and forms: Traditional Fenstergewände are made from stone, brick, or concrete and may be finished with plaster, brickwork, or stucco. In historic buildings they can be richly moulded or rusticated, forming decorative accents. Modern constructions may use precast concrete elements or reinforced masonry. Internal Gewände are often plastered to match interior finishes, creating a seamless appearance with the room.

Construction considerations: Proper sizing and alignment are essential to maintain structural integrity and proper sealing. Joints and mortar should suit the wall material, and flashing or waterproofing details are important to prevent water ingress. Repairs often involve repointing, replacing damaged sections, or rebuilding the surround to restore function and appearance.

See also: Laibung, Sturz, Fenstersims, Fensterrahmen.