FADEC

FADEC stands for Full Authority Digital Engine Control. It is an electronic engine control system used in modern aircraft engines to manage all aspects of engine operation. By using digital processing, FADEC senses throttle input, engine speed, temperatures, pressures, and other parameters to determine the optimal fuel flow and other control settings. It replaces traditional hydromechanical or electro-mechanical controls, allowing precise and coordinated control of fuel metering, compressor variable geometry, timing, and ignition where applicable. The system also enforces safe limits on parameters such as turbine temperature, shaft speed, and engine pressure ratio, and can automatically initiate protective shutdowns or reversion to a safe mode in case of faults.

FADEC architecture is typically redundant, often with two or more independently powered channels that perform identical control logic and compare results. If one channel fails, the other can assume full authority. The control computer communicates with the engine’s actuators—fuel metering units, variable inlet guide vanes, and igniters—via digital data buses and electrical signals. FADEC relies on a network of sensors, including N1/N2 speed, turbine temperature (EGT), fuel flow, oil pressure, and pressures throughout the intake and combustor.

Benefits include improved fuel efficiency, reduced emissions, smoother throttle response, and lower pilot workload. It also provides self-testing, fault isolation, data logging, and maintenance forecasting. FADEC is widely used in modern turbofan engines and has become a standard feature in many civil and military aircraft.