Eçalhouses

Escalhouses are a type of building design characterized by a prominent exterior staircase. These structures are not a singular architectural style but rather a functional descriptor found across various historical periods and geographical locations. The defining feature is the staircase, which is often integrated into the facade of the building, becoming a significant visual element.

Historically, escalhouses emerged in areas where living spaces were elevated for reasons such as avoiding damp ground, improving ventilation, or increasing security. In some instances, the external staircase might have served multiple dwellings within a single structure, allowing for separate access to upper floors. The materials used for escalhouses vary widely depending on local availability and architectural trends, ranging from stone and brick to wood.

The design of escalhouses can range from simple, utilitarian flights of stairs to more elaborate constructions with protective coverings or decorative railings. They can be found in rural farmhouses, urban dwellings, and even in some public or semi-public buildings. The term is descriptive and highlights a specific architectural solution to vertical access rather than denoting a defined architectural movement.