Extremematerials
Extremematerials is a term used in materials science to describe substances engineered to maintain functional performance under conditions that exceed those encountered by standard engineering materials. This encompasses extreme temperatures, pressures, radiation, chemical aggressiveness, mechanical loads, or combinations thereof. Extremematerials may arise from intrinsic chemistries and crystal structures or from engineered microstructures and composites designed to resist degradation or fail safely under duress.
Common classes include refractory metals and ceramics such as tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, hafnium carbide, and tungsten
Characterization and testing of extremematerials rely on specialized facilities and methods capable of simulating extreme conditions,
Applications span space exploration, nuclear reactors, rocket and turbine engines, deep-sea and high-pressure drilling, and chemical
Ongoing research directions combine computational materials design, advanced alloys and ceramics, high-entropy systems, ultra-hard and endurance-capable