Examinatorer

Examinatorer are individuals authorized to administer and evaluate formal assessments. They determine whether examinees meet required standards by observing performance, reviewing written responses, or conducting practical tasks, and they issue decisions such as pass/fail, grades, or professional certifications.

The term examinator originates from Latin examen, with the agent noun examinator. In languages such as Swedish and Norwegian, the plural form is examinatorer; in English, the common plural is examiners. The exact authority of examinators varies by jurisdiction and context.

In academic settings, examinators may design or select assessments, supervise exams, grade responses using rubrics, provide feedback, and ensure examination integrity and security. They may also participate in committees responsible for setting assessment standards and policies.

Examinators operate in various contexts, including higher education degrees, professional licensing boards, medical and psychological testing, and standardized examinations administered by independent organizations.

Qualifications typically include deep subject matter expertise, formal appointment or certification by a governing body, training in assessment theory and ethics, and ongoing professional development. Disclosures of conflicts of interest and adherence to established procedures are common requirements.

Ethical principles emphasise impartiality, confidentiality, avoidance of bias, transparent criteria, and thorough documentation. Examinators must maintain independence from political or commercial pressures and uphold the reliability and fairness of the examination process.

Related roles include external and internal examiners, proctors or invigilators, and assessors who may focus on grading, administration, or both.