Eukalyptukset

Eukalyptukset, commonly known as eucalyptus trees or gum trees, are a large genus of over 700 species of flowering plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. Native to Australia, with a few species extending to neighboring islands like New Guinea and Indonesia, they are now widely cultivated around the world in temperate and tropical regions. Eucalyptus trees are characterized by their aromatic foliage, which is rich in essential oils, most notably cineole. These oils give the trees their distinctive scent and are the basis for many of their uses.

The leaves of young eucalyptus trees are often different in shape and size from those of mature trees, a phenomenon known as heterophylly. Juvenile leaves are typically oval and sessile, while adult leaves are often lance-shaped and hang downwards. Eucalyptus trees are known for their rapid growth and their ability to thrive in a variety of conditions, though many prefer well-drained soils. They produce distinctive woody fruits called gumnuts.

Eucalyptus species vary greatly in size, from small shrubs to towering giants, some of the tallest trees in the world. They play a vital ecological role in Australia, providing habitat and food for a wide range of wildlife, particularly koalas. Economically, eucalyptus is important for its timber, which is used for construction, furniture, and fuel. Its essential oils are extracted for use in pharmaceuticals, perfumes, and cleaning products. Many species are also planted as ornamental trees and for landscaping.