Erythymis

Erythymis is a genus of small, colorful birds belonging to the kingfisher family (Alcedinidae), primarily found in the Old World tropics and subtropics. The name *Erythymis* derives from the Greek words *erythros*, meaning "red," and *myis*, meaning "mouse," likely referring to the small size and vivid plumage of some species. These birds are often referred to as **dwarf kingfishers** due to their diminutive size, typically measuring around 10–13 centimeters in length, making them among the smallest kingfishers.

The genus includes several species, such as the **white-throated kingfisher** (*Erythymis flavicollis*), which is widely distributed across South and Southeast Asia. These birds are known for their iridescent blue, green, or red plumage, often with contrasting white or black markings. Their diet primarily consists of small aquatic insects, crustaceans, and occasionally small fish, which they hunt by diving headfirst from perches near water bodies.

Erythymis species are commonly found in forested wetlands, riversides, and mangrove swamps, where they forage actively. Their calls are often high-pitched and melodic, contributing to the acoustic diversity of their habitats. Like other kingfishers, they nest in burrows excavated in sandy banks, laying a clutch of 4–6 eggs.

Conservation status varies among species, with some populations facing threats from habitat destruction and pollution. However, many species remain relatively common due to their adaptability to disturbed environments. Ornithologists and birdwatchers appreciate Erythymis for their vibrant colors and behavior, making them popular subjects in avian studies and photography.