Endomeetriivähk

Endomeetriivähk is a type of cancer that begins in the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus. It is the most common gynecologic cancer in developed countries. The average age of diagnosis is around 60 years, and it is rare in women under 40.

The main risk factor for developing endomeetriivähk is prolonged exposure to estrogen without the balancing effect of progesterone. This can occur due to early onset of menstruation, late menopause, never having been pregnant, obesity, and the use of hormone replacement therapy containing only estrogen. Other risk factors include a family history of endometrial or other cancers (like colon or breast cancer) and certain genetic conditions like Lynch syndrome.

The most common symptom of endomeetriivähk is abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially after menopause. Other symptoms can include pelvic pain, pain during intercourse, and a watery or bloody vaginal discharge.

Diagnosis typically involves a pelvic examination, ultrasound, and a biopsy of the endometrium. Further tests may be needed to determine the stage of the cancer. Treatment options depend on the stage and type of cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Surgery to remove the uterus (hysterectomy) and possibly the ovaries and fallopian tubes is often the primary treatment. Radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy may also be used.

The prognosis for endomeetriivähk is generally good, particularly when diagnosed at an early stage. Regular medical check-ups and prompt attention to any unusual symptoms are important for early detection and effective treatment.