Elektronentransfers
Elektronentransfers (ET) describe the movement of electrons from a donor to an acceptor. They are fundamental in redox chemistry, electrochemistry, and bioenergetics. ET events can occur within a single molecule (intramolecular) or between molecules (intermolecular). They proceed via inner-sphere mechanisms, where a bridging ligand temporarily bonds to both partners to relay the electron, or via outer-sphere mechanisms, in which transfer occurs without a strong bond and the electron moves by tunneling or through-space coupling.
Kinetics are commonly described by Marcus theory, which relates the rate to the free-energy change (ΔG°) and
Biological ET chains, such as those in photosynthesis and respiration, use series of cofactors (e.g., cytochromes,
Applications include energy conversion, sensing, catalysis, and molecular electronics, where control over electron transfer rates and