Elektrodeskuvation

Elektrodeskuvation is a term used in electrochemical surface science to describe a controlled, electrochemically induced renewal of an electrode surface by removing fouling layers, adsorbed species, or oxide films. The process aims to restore electrochemical activity by desorbing or dissolving surface-bound contaminants through applied potentials, often in an appropriate electrolyte.

The mechanisms include electrochemical desorption driven by potential-dependent adsorption equilibria, oxidative or reductive cleavage of surface complexes, and dissolution of contaminants as soluble species. Effectiveness depends on electrode material (glassy carbon, carbon fibers, platinum, gold) and on the contaminant type (organic polymers, sulfides, oxide films). The approach is typically performed in situ, allowing the electrode to remain in the system while cleaning occurs.

Experimental approaches commonly employ a three-electrode cell with a potentiostat to control potential. Cleaning can be performed with potentiostatic holds, galvanostatic pulses, or cyclic voltammetry to identify cleaning windows. The choice of electrolyte, pH, and additives (for example complexing agents) is critical to promote desorption while minimizing corrosion or redeposition.

Applications include regeneration of electrochemical sensors and analytical electrodes, renewal of working electrodes in research, and regeneration of electrodes in flow reactors or energy storage devices where fouling limits performance.

Advantages include on-site regeneration, reduced chemical waste, and shortened downtime. Limitations involve possible irreversible surface damage, incomplete removal of stubborn films, and risk of electrode material loss or undesired surface restructuring. Reproducibility and selectivity remain challenges, and not all contaminants are amenable to electrochemical removal.

Elektrodeskuvation is a relatively new term, appearing in limited references as a concept for electrochemically driven surface renewal distinct from chemical or thermal cleaning. Further work is needed to standardize terminology, protocols, and evaluation metrics.