Ekstrusion

Ekstrusion is a manufacturing process used to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile. The material, typically a plastic or metal, is heated until it is pliable and then forced through a die of the desired shape. As the material is pushed out of the die, it cools and solidifies, retaining the shape of the die. This process is continuous, allowing for the production of long pieces with consistent dimensions.

The extrusion process begins with raw material, often in the form of pellets or powder, which is fed into a hopper. This material then enters an extruder barrel, where a rotating screw pushes it forward. Friction and external heating elements raise the temperature of the material to its melting point. The molten material is then conveyed to the die, which is specifically designed for the desired cross-section. Pressure builds up behind the die, forcing the material through the opening. As the extruded profile emerges from the die, it is typically cooled by air or water. Once cooled and solidified, the product is cut to the desired length.

Common applications of extrusion include the production of plastic pipes, window frames, wire insulation, and various rubber profiles. In metalworking, it is used to create aluminum extrusions for construction and automotive industries, as well as copper and brass profiles. The versatility of the extrusion process allows for the creation of complex shapes, making it an efficient method for mass production of components with specific cross-sectional geometries.