Eiderducks

Eiderducks are large sea ducks belonging to the genus Somateria. There are typically four recognized species: the Common Eider (Somateria mollissima), the King Eider (Somateria spectabilis), the Spectacled Eider (Somateria fischeri), and the Steller's Eider (Polysticta stelleri). They are found in cold, northern coastal waters across the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions.

Common Eiders are the most widespread and are known for their distinctive down feathers, which are highly prized for their insulating properties. Female eiderducks pluck this down from their own bodies to line their nests, creating a warm and soft environment for their eggs. This down is collected after the breeding season, often by humans who have traditionally harvested it.

These ducks are diving ducks, feeding primarily on mollusks, crustaceans, and small fish. They are powerful swimmers and can dive to considerable depths in search of food. Eiderducks are often seen in large flocks, especially outside the breeding season.

The breeding habits of eiderducks are notable. They typically nest in colonies on islands or coastal areas, with females forming the nests and incubating the eggs. Males generally depart after mating, leaving the females to raise the young. The chicks are precocial, able to follow their mother into the water shortly after hatching.

Conservation status varies among the eiderduck species. While the Common Eider is relatively widespread, some species like the Spectacled Eider and Steller's Eider face more significant threats and are listed as vulnerable or endangered in certain regions due to habitat loss and other factors.