Echusonograafia

Echusonograafia, commonly known as ultrasound, is a medical imaging technique that uses sound waves to create visual representations of internal body structures. It is a non-invasive diagnostic tool that utilizes a transducer, a small handheld device, to emit and receive high-frequency sound waves. These sound waves travel into the body, bounce off different tissues and organs, and return to the transducer as echoes. A computer then processes these echoes to generate real-time images.

The principle behind echusonograafia is based on the varying speed and reflection of sound waves as they encounter different densities of tissue. Denser structures, like bone, reflect sound waves more strongly, appearing brighter on the ultrasound image, while fluid-filled structures, like the bladder, allow sound waves to pass through more easily, appearing darker. The frequency of the sound waves used can be adjusted to penetrate deeper into the body or to provide higher resolution imaging of superficial structures.

Echusonograafia is widely used in various medical specialties. In obstetrics, it is crucial for monitoring fetal development and health during pregnancy. In cardiology, it helps assess the structure and function of the heart. It is also employed in radiology to examine organs such as the liver, kidneys, and spleen, and in vascular studies to visualize blood flow. The absence of ionizing radiation makes it a safe imaging modality for pregnant women and children.