Echinopsideae

Echinopsideae is a tribe of cacti belonging to the subfamily Cactoideae. This group is characterized by its generally globular to cylindrical stems, often with prominent ribs and spines. The flowers are typically large, funnel-shaped, and diurnal, emerging from the areoles. Following pollination, the fruit is usually fleshy and indehiscent.

The tribe is primarily found in South America, with species distributed across various habitats ranging from arid deserts to high-altitude grasslands. Echinopsideae is a diverse group, encompassing numerous genera and species. Some well-known genera within this tribe include Echinopsis, often referred to as sea urchin cacti, and Trichocereus, which includes many tall columnar cacti.

Reproduction in Echinopsideae can be sexual through seeds or asexual through offsets or fragmentation. The spines serve multiple purposes, including protection from herbivores, shading the stem, and aiding in water condensation. The root systems are generally shallow but extensive, allowing them to capture rainfall efficiently.

Culturally, many species of Echinopsideae are popular as ornamental plants due to their striking appearance and often spectacular blooms. Some species, like certain members of the Echinopsis genus, have historically been used for their psychoactive properties. Conservation efforts are in place for several species that face threats from habitat loss and overcollection.