Dvalartími

Dvalartími, derived from the Icelandic words *dvalr* (meaning "sleep" or "torpor") and *artími* (meaning "time"), refers to a period of hibernation or deep rest observed in certain Arctic and sub-Arctic species, particularly seals. This phenomenon is most notably associated with ringed seals (*Pusa hispida*), though other species like walruses and some Arctic foxes may exhibit similar behaviors. Dvalartími occurs during the winter months when environmental conditions in the Arctic become harsh, with prolonged darkness, freezing temperatures, and limited food availability.

During dvalartími, ringed seals enter a state of reduced metabolic activity, conserving energy while remaining in their snow dens or ice lairs. Unlike true hibernation, where body temperature drops significantly, dvalartími involves a more moderate decrease in activity and heart rate, allowing the seals to remain partially alert. This adaptation enables them to survive the winter by minimizing energy expenditure while still being capable of responding to threats or emerging to breathe.

The timing and duration of dvalartími vary depending on species and location, typically lasting several months. For ringed seals, this period often coincides with the Arctic winter, from late autumn through early spring. The behavior is crucial for their survival in extreme environments, where food sources are scarce and predators are more active. Dvalartími highlights the remarkable physiological and behavioral adaptations of Arctic wildlife to endure seasonal challenges.