Dolphin

Dolphin is a common name for a group of aquatic mammals that are generally classified as toothed whales. Most species belong to the family Delphinidae, though the term is used informally for several other small-toothed whales. Dolphins are found in oceans worldwide, from warm tropical waters to temperate regions, and some species inhabit rivers and estuaries.

Physically, dolphins have streamlined bodies, a dorsal fin, and a beak-like snout in many species. They use a pair of flippers for steering and a powerful tail fluke for propulsion. Sizes vary widely, from small river dolphins to larger coastal species, with lifespans commonly spanning several decades.

Dolphins are highly social and typically live in pods that range from a few individuals to several hundred. They display cooperative behaviors such as coordinated hunting and caring for sick or injured group members. Communication uses a complex system of vocalizations, including whistles and clicks. Echolocation enables navigation, prey detection, and social interaction in murky waters.

Their diet mainly consists of fish and squid, taken using coordinated hunting strategies. Reproduction is generally slow, with long gestation periods and extended care by mothers. Calves are nourished with milk and often stay with their mothers for an extended period.

Conservation status varies by species. Major threats include bycatch in fishing gear, habitat degradation, pollution, and, in some regions, direct hunting. Dolphins are widely studied for their intelligence, social complexity, and behavioral versatility, contributing to research, wildlife tourism, and conservation awareness.