Dobüregperforáció

Dobüregperforáció is a medical term referring to a perforation or rupture of the tympanic membrane, commonly known as the eardrum. This membrane is a thin layer of tissue that separates the external ear canal from the middle ear. Perforations can vary in size and can be caused by a number of factors.

Traumatic causes are frequent, including direct injury from a cotton swab or other object inserted into the ear, or a sudden increase in pressure, such as from a slap to the ear or a barotrauma event during air travel or scuba diving. Infections within the middle ear, known as otitis media, are another significant cause, especially if a severe infection leads to pus build-up and increased pressure behind the eardrum, causing it to rupture. Chronic ear infections can also lead to persistent perforations.

Symptoms of a perforated eardrum can include sudden ear pain, a feeling of fullness in the ear, hearing loss, ringing in the ear (tinnitus), dizziness, and discharge from the ear, which may be clear, pus-like, or bloody. The severity of hearing loss often depends on the size and location of the perforation.

Diagnosis is typically made through an otoscopic examination, where a doctor uses an otoscope to visualize the eardrum. Treatment depends on the cause and size of the perforation. Small, traumatic perforations often heal on their own within a few weeks to months. Larger perforations or those caused by chronic infections may require medical intervention, such as antibiotics to treat infection, or in some cases, surgical repair through a procedure called tympanoplasty.