Djúpbláðathrombósa

Djúpbláðathrombósa, often abbreviated as DVT, is a medical condition characterized by the formation of a blood clot, or thrombus, within a deep vein, most commonly in the legs. These clots can impede blood flow and cause swelling, pain, and redness in the affected limb. While DVT can occur in any deep vein, it is most frequent in the veins of the thigh or calf.

Several factors can increase the risk of developing DVT. Prolonged immobility, such as during long flights or after surgery, is a significant contributor, as it slows blood circulation. Other risk factors include certain medical conditions like cancer, heart disease, and inflammatory bowel disease, as well as inherited clotting disorders. Obesity, smoking, and the use of hormone replacement therapy or oral contraceptives can also play a role.

The primary concern with DVT is the potential for the clot to break loose and travel to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism (PE). A PE is a life-threatening condition that can lead to shortness of breath, chest pain, and in severe cases, death. Diagnosis of DVT typically involves a physical examination and imaging tests, such as an ultrasound. Treatment usually consists of anticoagulant medications to prevent the clot from growing and to reduce the risk of PE. In some cases, thrombolytic therapy to dissolve the clot or surgical intervention may be considered. Prevention strategies include regular movement, compression stockings, and in high-risk individuals, prophylactic anticoagulant medication.