Distresssündroomi

Distresssündroomi is a term encountered in some Estonian-language medical and psychological writings to describe a syndrome characterized by persistent, debilitating distress that interferes with daily functioning. It is not a formally recognized diagnosis in major classification systems such as the ICD-11 or DSM-5, and its usage can vary between sources. In many references the term is used to capture a cluster of symptoms that may overlap with anxiety, depressive disorders, adjustment disorders, or burnout, rather than referring to a single distinct disease.

Symptoms typically associated with distresssündroomi include chronic worry, emotional pain, irritability, sleep disturbances, fatigue, concentration difficulties, somatic complaints (such as headaches or muscle tension), and functional impairment in work, social, or personal activities. The presentation can be heterogeneous, and symptoms may fluctuate in intensity over time.

Etiology is considered multifactorial, often involving prolonged psychosocial stress, trauma exposure, occupational burnout, and coping style. Biological mechanisms proposed in broader literature include dysregulation of the stress response system, neurochemical changes, and inflammatory processes, though specific mechanisms for distresssündroomi are not well defined in standardized guidelines.

Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment and differential diagnosis with related conditions (eg, generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, PTSD, adjustment disorder, burnout). There are no distinct biomarkers universally accepted for distresssündroomi.

Treatment emphasizes symptom relief and functional restoration. Approaches may include psychotherapy (such as cognitive-behavioral therapy or stress-management programs), pharmacotherapy for co-occurring disorders, lifestyle changes, and social or occupational support. Early intervention generally improves outcomes.