Diphenylketon

Diphenylketon, more commonly known as benzophenone or diphenyl ketone, is an aromatic ketone with the chemical formula C13H10O. Its structure features a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two phenyl rings (Ph-CO-Ph). It is a colorless to white crystalline solid at room temperature.

Physically, benzophenone has a melting point around 49–50°C and a boiling point near 305°C. It is insoluble in water and is soluble in many organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and dichloromethane. The compound is relatively stable under normal conditions but can degrade upon prolonged exposure to light and air.

Industrial production methods include Friedel–Crafts acylation of benzene with benzoyl chloride to form benzophenone, and the oxidation of diphenylmethane to benzophenone under suitable catalytic conditions. The choice of route often depends on availability of precursors and processing considerations.

Uses and applications of benzophenone include its role as an intermediate in organic synthesis, and its widespread use as a UV absorber and stabilizer in polymers, coatings, and cosmetics. It is also employed as a photosensitizer or photoinitiator in UV-curing systems, where it can promote polymerization upon exposure to UV light. In consumer products, it is valued for its UV-absorbing properties, though it is generally used in controlled, regulated concentrations.

Safety and handling considerations include the potential for skin and eye irritation on exposure. It is not highly toxic, but prolonged or concentrated exposure should be avoided, and appropriate protective equipment and ventilation should be used when handling the neat chemical or concentrated solutions.