Deskstudies

Deskstudies, or desk-based assessments, are a preliminary evaluation of a site using existing information rather than new fieldwork. They aim to identify constraints, opportunities, and data requirements for a project. They typically consider environmental, archaeological, cultural heritage, hydrological, geological, soils, land use, planning history, and statutory constraints. The purpose is to determine viability, potential risks, and the scope and cost of further work.

A desk study draws on information sources such as historical maps and plans, aerial or satellite imagery, topographic data, geological and soils maps, flood risk data, pollution and land-contamination registers, biodiversity records, regulatory databases, planning documents, and previous reports. Data are often compiled in geographic information systems and assessed against project criteria.

Outputs include a desk study report that summarizes data, identifies key constraints and uncertainties, and recommends next steps such as targeted site investigations, surveys, impact assessments, or design modifications. In archaeology, it assesses potential for buried remains; in environmental planning, it supports Phase 1 assessments; in construction, it informs geotechnical and hydrogeological planning.

Limitations include dependence on data availability and quality, potential gaps, and the risk of misinterpretation. Desk studies are most effective when conducted by qualified professionals and used in combination with subsequent fieldwork.