Dentinhypersensibilität

Dentinhypersensibilität, often referred to as tooth sensitivity, is a common dental condition characterized by short, sharp pain that arises when teeth are exposed to certain stimuli. These stimuli typically include cold or hot temperatures, sweet or sour foods and drinks, and even the pressure of brushing. The sensation is usually brief and can vary in intensity from mild discomfort to severe pain.

The underlying cause of dentin hypersensitivity is the exposure of dentin, the layer beneath tooth enamel. Dentin contains microscopic tubules that lead to the pulp, the nerve center of the tooth. When enamel wears away or gums recede, these tubules become exposed. External stimuli can then penetrate these tubules, stimulating the nerves within the pulp and resulting in the characteristic pain.

Common factors contributing to dentin hypersensitivity include aggressive brushing, acidic foods and beverages, teeth grinding (bruxism), gum disease, and tooth whitening treatments. Enamel erosion can be caused by frequent consumption of acidic items like citrus fruits, sodas, and vinegars. Gum recession can occur due to periodontal disease, harsh brushing techniques, or even aging.

Diagnosis of dentin hypersensitivity usually involves a dental examination, where a dentist will assess the patient's symptoms, examine the teeth for signs of enamel wear or gum recession, and rule out other potential causes of tooth pain, such as cavities or cracks.

Treatment options for dentin hypersensitivity aim to block the stimuli from reaching the nerve or to treat the underlying cause. Dentists may recommend desensitizing toothpastes that contain compounds to block the tubules. In-office treatments include the application of fluoride varnishes or bonding agents to seal exposed dentin. Addressing underlying issues like gum disease or bruxism is also crucial for long-term management.