Datumering

Datumering is the process of assigning a date or date range to objects, events, or strata, used notably in archaeology, geology, and paleontology. It encompasses both absolute dating, which yields calendar ages, and relative dating, which orders events without specifying exact dates.

Absolute dating methods include radiometric techniques such as radiocarbon dating, dendrochronology, thermoluminescence, and optically stimulated luminescence, as well as uranium-series and potassium-argon dating. These methods provide age estimates with statistical uncertainties and depend on suitable materials and calibration.

Relative dating methods establish chronological order without specific ages. Key approaches are stratigraphy, typology and seriation, biostratigraphy, and magnetostratigraphy, which rely on deposition sequences, stylistic change, fossil assemblages, and magnetic field reversals.

Calibration and interpretation: Dating results are calibrated against international curves (for radiocarbon, e.g., calibration curves) and integrated with stratigraphic context and historical records. Cross-checking with multiple methods improves precision and robustness.

Applications and limitations: Datumering supports reconstructions of past human activity, climate change, and geological history. Limitations include material suitability, contamination, preservation state, calibration uncertainties, and the need for careful sampling and context documentation.

Etymology and usage: The term is Dutch for date determination. In English-language literature, dating or age determination is used, but datumering appears in Dutch-language sources and comparative discussions.