seriation

Seriation is a method used in archaeology and anthropology to establish a chronological sequence of events or objects. It is based on the principle that certain characteristics of artifacts or cultural features change over time, allowing for the comparison and ordering of items. This technique is particularly useful when absolute dating methods, such as radiocarbon dating, are not applicable or when the context of the artifacts is unclear.

The process of seriation involves identifying and analyzing a series of artifacts or features that are believed to have been created or used at different times. Researchers look for consistent changes in the characteristics of these items, such as style, material, or function. By comparing these changes, they can establish a relative sequence of the items, even if the exact dates are unknown.

Seriation is often used in conjunction with other dating methods to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the timeline of a site or culture. It is particularly valuable in the study of prehistoric and ancient cultures, where written records are scarce or non-existent. The method has been applied to a wide range of artifacts, including pottery, tools, and architectural features, and has contributed significantly to our understanding of human history and cultural development.