Danmark

Danmark, officially the Kingdom of Denmark, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It comprises the Jutland Peninsula and about 400 islands, with Copenhagen as the capital and other major cities including Aarhus and Odense. It is bordered by the North Sea to the west and the Baltic Sea to the east, and has a land border with Germany on the Jutland Peninsula. The Danish Realm includes Greenland and the Faroe Islands, both with autonomous governments.

Denmark is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy. The monarch's role is largely ceremonial; political power resides in the Folketing, the national legislature. The prime minister heads the government, and policy is formed in a multi-party system based on proportional representation. The 1953 constitution outlines civil rights and the operation of government.

Denmark has a high-income, mixed economy with strong welfare provisions. Key sectors include services, manufacturing, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and wind energy. Major Danish firms include Novo Nordisk and Vestas. The currency is the Danish krone (DKK). Denmark is a member of the European Union but does not use the euro, retaining an opt-out from the currency union.

Official language is Danish. The population is about 5.8 million, concentrated in urban areas such as Copenhagen, Aarhus, and Odense. In Greenland and the Faroe Islands, Greenlandic and Faroese are recognized regional languages alongside Danish. The country is known for its high standard of living and design heritage.

Historically, Denmark emerged as a medieval kingdom and built several unions, notably with Norway. In the modern era it became a constitutional state in the 19th century, while Greenland and the Faroe Islands gained autonomous status in the 20th century within the Realm.