Correlophus

Correlophus is a genus of lizards belonging to the family Diplodactylidae, commonly known as geckos. The genus is endemic to the island of New Caledonia in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It is notable for its distinctive appearance and ecological significance within its native habitat.

The most well-known species within this genus is Correlophus ciliatus, commonly referred to as the New Caledonian giant gecko or frilled-necked lizard. This species is particularly recognized for its large size, with adults reaching lengths of up to 30 centimeters (12 inches), including the tail. Its most striking feature is the frill of skin around its neck, which it can flare to intimidate predators or regulate body temperature. The frilled-necked lizard also possesses a unique camouflage pattern that allows it to blend seamlessly into the moss-covered rocks and trees of its forest habitat.

Correlophus ciliatus is primarily arboreal, spending most of its time in the trees and shrubs of New Caledonia’s rainforests. It is an opportunistic feeder, consuming a varied diet that includes insects, fruits, and small vertebrates. Like many geckos, it lacks movable eyelids and instead has a transparent membrane that protects its eyes while allowing it to see clearly.

The species faces threats from habitat destruction due to logging and agriculture, as well as the invasive species that have been introduced to New Caledonia. Conservation efforts have been implemented to protect its remaining habitat, including the establishment of protected areas and captive breeding programs. The New Caledonian giant gecko is classified as Vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), highlighting the importance of ongoing conservation measures to ensure its survival.

Beyond its ecological role, Correlophus ciliatus holds cultural significance for the indigenous Kanak people of New Caledonia, who have long regarded it as a symbol of resilience and adaptability. Its unique biology and conservation status make it a subject of interest for both scientific research and global conservation initiatives.