Configuratie

Configuratie refers to the arrangement and settings that determine how a system behaves. It encompasses hardware, software, and network components and can apply to individual devices, applications, or entire infrastructures. The goal is to achieve a desired state that meets requirements for performance, security, and reliability.

A configuration is typically captured as data: files, entries in a registry or database, environment variables, and firmware options. Common file formats include JSON, YAML, INI, and XML, though some systems use proprietary formats. Environment-specific values allow the same configuration to be used in different contexts.

Configuration management is the discipline of maintaining consistency of a system's configuration over time. It includes documenting intended configurations, enforcing baselines, tracking changes, and enabling reproducible deployments. Tools automate collection, validation, and application of configurations; changes should be reviewed and versioned.

Configurations can be static (applied at install time) or dynamic (adjusted at runtime). Examples: OS settings (locale, time zone), server software settings (port, logging level), network settings (IP address, DNS), and user preferences.

Common challenges include configuration drift, where live settings diverge from the documented baseline, security risks from exposed secrets, and the need for rollback procedures if a change causes problems.

In practice, configuratie plays a central role in IT operations, software deployment, and system integration, enabling repeatable setups and scalable management through automation and version control.