Commonrailruiskutusta

Commonrailruiskutusta, or common rail injection, is a diesel engine fuel-injection technology in which fuel is pumped to a single high-pressure rail and delivered to multiple electronically controlled injectors. The high-pressure rail is supplied by a pump and its pressure is regulated by an electronic control system to maintain a consistent, variable pressure independent of the pump’s output. Each injector is controlled by the engine control unit (ECU), allowing precise timing and duration of injection events.

The key idea is decoupling fuel delivery from the engine’s mechanical pump. This enables highly accurate control of injection timing, pressure, and duration, and makes it possible to perform multiple injections per combustion cycle, such as pilot, main, and post injections. This improves combustion efficiency, reduces fuel consumption, and lowers particulate emissions. It also helps smooth engine operation and reduce combustion noise.

Typical components include a high-pressure pump, the common rail, fuel injectors, a rail pressure sensor, a pressure regulator or relief valve, and the engine control unit with associated sensors. Injectors may be solenoid- or piezoelectric-controlled, with piezo injectors generally enabling faster and more precise injection events.

Common rail systems have become standard in many modern diesel engines since the late 1990s and are often used alongside exhaust after-treatment systems such as diesel particulate filters and selective catalytic reduction to meet stringent emissions standards. Regular maintenance focuses on fuel quality, filters, and reliable rail and injector operation, as faults in pressure sensing or injector seals can affect performance.