Colposkopie

Colposcopy is a medical procedure used to examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva. It is typically performed by a gynecologist or other trained healthcare professional. The procedure uses a colposcope, which is a special magnifying instrument with a light source, to provide a close-up view of the tissues.

The primary reason for a colposcopy is to further investigate abnormal results from a Pap smear or HPV test. It allows the doctor to visualize any cellular changes that might indicate precancerous or cancerous conditions. During the examination, the doctor will apply a dilute acetic acid solution to the cervix. This solution causes abnormal cells to turn white, making them more visible. Sometimes, a Lugol's iodine solution may also be used, though it is not absorbed by abnormal cells, leaving them unstained.

Colposcopy is generally a well-tolerated procedure and does not usually require anesthesia, although it can cause mild discomfort or a pinching sensation. The examination itself typically lasts between 10 to 20 minutes. If abnormal areas are identified, a biopsy may be performed, where a small sample of tissue is taken for laboratory analysis. This biopsy process may cause a brief stinging sensation or cramping.

Following a colposcopy, some light spotting or a dark discharge (if a special paste is used after a biopsy) is common and usually resolves within a few days. Patients are often advised to avoid intercourse, douching, and tampons for a short period after the procedure. The results of the colposcopy and any biopsies will determine the next steps in management, which could include further monitoring or treatment.