Coinneachaidh

Coinneachaidh, also known as the "Irish harp," is a traditional stringed musical instrument with a rich history deeply intertwined with Irish culture. The name *Coinneachaidh* originates from the Irish word for "harp," which is derived from the Old Irish *crann* (tree) and *crannóg* (harp), reflecting its early construction from wood. The instrument has been a symbol of Ireland for centuries, often associated with Irish identity, sovereignty, and artistic expression.

The Coinneachaidh typically features a pear-shaped body, a long neck, and a soundboard made of wood, usually spruce or pine. It is usually strung with gut or synthetic strings, producing a warm, resonant tone. Historically, the harp was played in both solo and ensemble settings, serving as a central instrument in medieval Irish music. The earliest depictions of the Coinneachaidh date back to the 9th century, with references in Irish literature and illuminated manuscripts such as the *Book of Kells*.

By the 16th century, the harp became a prominent feature in Irish heraldry, appearing on the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Ireland. It was also a favored instrument among the Gaelic aristocracy, with skilled harpists like Turlough O’Carolan (1670–1738) composing intricate tunes that remain popular today. The Coinneachaidh was nearly lost during the 18th and 19th centuries due to political oppression and cultural suppression but was later revived as part of the Irish language and folk music revival movements.

Today, the Coinneachaidh is celebrated as a national symbol, featured on the Irish flag and currency. Modern Irish harpers continue to perform traditional airs, jigs, and reels, while also experimenting with contemporary compositions. The instrument remains a vital part of Irish musical heritage, embodying both historical continuity and cultural resilience.