Citrino

Citrino is a variety of quartz characterized by its yellow to orange-brown color. This coloration is primarily due to the presence of iron impurities within the quartz crystal structure. While often referred to as citrine, the name citrino is also commonly used, particularly in certain regions and in the gemstone trade. Natural citrino is relatively rare, with most citrine on the market being heat-treated amethyst or smoky quartz.

The hardness of citrino is 7 on the Mohs scale, making it a durable gemstone suitable for jewelry. Its refractive index is approximately 1.544-1.553, contributing to its brilliance. Citrino can be found in various locations worldwide, including Brazil, Madagascar, Russia, and the United States. Historically, citrino has been associated with positive energy, abundance, and prosperity. It is the birthstone for November.

In terms of appearance, citrino can range from a pale yellow, often called lemon citrine, to a deep, reddish-orange hue. The intensity and tone of the color depend on the concentration and oxidation state of the iron. Faceted citrino is frequently used in rings, pendants, and earrings. Its warm color makes it a popular choice for jewelry, especially during autumn and winter months.