Celtis

Celtis is a genus of about 60–70 species of deciduous and evergreen flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae. Commonly known as hackberries, these trees and shrubs are distributed across North America, Central America, Africa, Asia, and Europe. The genus is characterized by simple, alternate leaves with serrated margins and small, inconspicuous flowers often arranged in clusters.

Celtis species typically produce berry-like drupes that vary in color from red to black as they mature, which serve as a food source for various birds and wildlife. The trees are valued for their adaptability to a range of soil types and environmental conditions, making them popular in urban landscaping and reforestation projects.

Many Celtis species have traditional uses in medicine and woodworking. For example, some indigenous cultures utilize parts of the plant for medicinal purposes, while the wood is appreciated for being lightweight yet durable. Celtis also has ecological significance, providing habitat, food, and shelter for numerous species.

Several species of Celtis are cultivated as ornamental trees due to their aesthetic appeal and relatively low maintenance requirements. Notable species include Celtis occidentalis (common hackberry) in North America and Celtis sinensis (Chinese hackberry) in Asia.

While generally resilient, some Celtis species can be susceptible to pests and diseases, such as hackberry nipple gall and hackberry psyllids. Overall, Celtis is recognized for its ecological versatility, ornamental value, and utility in various cultural applications.