CR123

CR123 refers to a family of small lithium primary batteries, commonly seen as CR123A or simply 123 battery. They are 3-volt cells using lithium manganese dioxide chemistry and are designed for high-energy, high-drain applications. The designation CR usually indicates a cylindrical, non-rechargeable cell with a metal can and sealed construction.

Physical characteristics and chemistry

A typical CR123/CR123A measures about 17.0 mm in diameter and 34.5 mm in length, weighing around 18–20 g. The chemistry provides a nominal voltage of 3.0 V and a high energy density, enabling strong initial current delivery. Capacity varies by brand and discharge rate, but is commonly in the range of 1000–1500 mAh at low drain, decreasing at higher drain or in cold conditions. The cells are designed to operate over a wide temperature range and have a long shelf life when stored properly.

Usage and compatibility

CR123 batteries are widely used in consumer electronics that require reliable, high-drain power, including digital cameras, flashes, security cameras, alarm systems, and other portable devices. The term CR123 is frequently encountered in the market alongside CR123A, and devices that specify one often work with the other, though users should verify device compatibility and voltage requirements. Replacements are readily available from various manufacturers, with differences in capacity and internal construction.

Variants and safety

There are rechargeable variants such as RCR123 (Li-ion, 3.7–3.8 V nominal), which are not suitable for devices designed strictly for 3.0 V primary CR123A cells. Do not attempt to recharge non-rechargeable CR123A cells; improper charging can cause leakage, venting, or fire. Disposal should follow local regulations for lithium primary batteries. Store away from heat and metal objects to prevent short circuits.