C6N6H3

C6N6H3 is a chemical formula representing a class of organic compounds known as triaminobenzene derivatives, specifically those containing three amino groups (−NH2) attached to a benzene ring. The most notable compound with this formula is **1,3,5-triaminobenzene**, also referred to as melamine. Melamine is a white, crystalline solid with a trigonal planar structure and a molecular weight of approximately 126.12 g/mol.

Melamine is primarily used in the production of resins, plastics, and laminates due to its high resistance to heat, chemicals, and mechanical stress. It is a key component in the manufacture of melamine-formaldehyde resins, which are widely applied in kitchenware, countertops, and decorative laminates. Additionally, melamine is utilized in the production of adhesives, coatings, and textiles.

Beyond industrial applications, melamine has been studied for its potential in agricultural and pharmaceutical contexts. It can act as a nitrogen source in fertilizers and has been explored for its antimicrobial properties. However, melamine is also infamous for its role in food adulteration scandals, particularly in animal feed and protein supplements, where it was improperly added to increase apparent protein content. This practice poses significant health risks, including kidney damage and other toxic effects.

The compound exhibits a high nitrogen content (66.1%), contributing to its misuse in fraudulent protein testing. Chemically, melamine forms stable polymers when combined with formaldehyde, enhancing its durability and thermal stability. Its synthesis typically involves the reaction of dicyanodiamide with urea or other nitrogen-rich precursors under controlled conditions.

While melamine has valuable industrial applications, its improper use has led to regulatory scrutiny and restrictions in food and feed industries worldwide. Safety measures and analytical methods have been developed to detect and prevent its unauthorized inclusion in consumer products.