C17H24O11

C17H24O11 is the molecular formula for sucrose, a disaccharide carbohydrate composed of two monosaccharide units: glucose and fructose. It is commonly known as table sugar or cane sugar and is widely used as a sweetener in food and beverage industries worldwide. Sucrose is derived from sugarcane and sugar beets, with sugarcane being the primary source in tropical and subtropical regions.

The structure of sucrose consists of an α-glucose molecule linked to a β-fructose molecule via a glycosidic bond between the first carbon of glucose and the second carbon of fructose. This linkage results in a non-reducing sugar, meaning it does not exhibit reducing properties in chemical tests due to the absence of free aldehyde or ketone groups. Sucrose is highly soluble in water and crystallizes readily, forming the familiar white granules found in commercial sugar products.

In addition to its role as a sweetener, sucrose serves as an energy source for living organisms. It is metabolized in the body through glycolysis, where it is broken down into glucose and fructose, which are then further processed to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of cells. Sucrose also plays a role in plant physiology, particularly in the transport of photosynthetic products within plants.

While sucrose is a natural component of many foods, excessive consumption has been linked to various health concerns, including obesity, diabetes, and dental caries. Despite these concerns, it remains a staple ingredient in numerous culinary applications due to its sweetness, stability, and versatility. The molecular structure and properties of sucrose make it distinct from other sugars, contributing to its widespread use in both natural and manufactured products.