Buddleja

Buddleja, commonly known as butterfly bush, is a genus of about 100 species of flowering plants in the family Scrophulariaceae. The genus is native to Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Buddleja species are typically shrubs or small trees, known for their long, showy, often fragrant flower spikes that attract pollinators.

The most popular species is Buddleja davidii, originating from China. This species is widely cultivated for its ornamental value and its ability to attract butterflies and other beneficial insects. It produces a profusion of flowers in various colors, including purple, pink, white, and yellow, from mid-summer to autumn. Many cultivars have been developed, offering a range of sizes, flower colors, and growth habits.

Buddleja plants generally prefer full sun and well-drained soil. They are known for their rapid growth and hardiness, making them relatively easy to grow in many climates. However, in some regions, certain Buddleja species, particularly Buddleja davidii, are considered invasive due to their prolific seeding and ability to outcompete native vegetation. This has led to restrictions on their sale and cultivation in some areas, and a focus on planting sterile cultivars.

Beyond their horticultural and ecological roles, some Buddleja species have traditional medicinal uses in their native regions. Research has explored various compounds found in Buddleja for potential pharmacological properties. The genus's common name, butterfly bush, highlights its significant ecological contribution to supporting pollinator populations.