Booklice

Booklice are small insects in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). They are among the smallest household pests, typically 1–2 mm long, with soft bodies, a relatively large head, long antennae, and short cerci. Depending on the species, they may be winged or wingless; winged forms usually have clear or patterned wings held tent-like over the body when at rest. Color ranges from translucent gray to brown.

They inhabit damp, moldy environments and are commonly found in libraries, archives, granaries, kitchens, basements, and bathrooms. They feed mainly on molds, mildews, and yeasts, but can also consume starches and sugary residues found in book bindings, wallpaper paste, and dried foods. Because they rely on moisture and fungal growth, their presence often signals elevated humidity.

Life cycle and reproduction: Females lay eggs in crevices or on surfaces where food is available. Nymphs molt several times before reaching maturity. Under favorable humidity and temperature, multiple generations can occur in a year; in dry conditions development slows or stops.

Impact and control: Booklice do not bite or transmit disease, but they can be a nuisance and may contribute to surface damage on books, wallpaper, and stored papers where mold is present. Prevention focuses on reducing humidity and improving ventilation, removing mold growth, and storing susceptible items in sealed containers. Infestations can be managed through thorough cleaning and moisture control; chemical treatments are typically reserved for severe cases and should be applied by professionals in sensitive settings such as libraries or museums.